The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) is the leading agency for management, funding and conduct of research and development (R&D) in Turkey. TÜBİTAK acts as an advisory agency to the Turkish Government on science and research issues, and is the secretariat of the Supreme Council for Science and Technology (SCST), the highest S&T policy making body in Turkey. TÜBİTAK provides fellowships, grants and various other supports to students and researchers, organizes contests to discover and train future scientists, and funds research projects carried out in universities and other public and private organizations. TÜBİTAK conducts research on strategic areas within its 15 different research institutes and collaborates with industry on R&D and innovation activities. Furthermore, TÜBİTAK organizes science and society activities, publishes scientific journals, popular science magazines and books. TÜBİTAK is responsible for coordinating the international S&T cooperation activities of Turkey and is the national coordinating body of European Union (EU) Framework Programmes.
 
The support schemes for incoming; outgoing and reintegration fellows are coordinated in TÜBİTAK by BİDEB (The Science Fellowships and Grant Programmes Department). In 2010, BİDEB implemented 26 (28 in 2011) science fellowships and grant schemes for research careers. 10 (11 in 2011) of these Programmes are national grants for Turkish citizens. Within these programmes, undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral studies of the researchers and scientific events are supported by TÜBİTAK. In addition to the national schemes, BİDEB has 11 international grant schemes. Of these international grant schemes, there are five schemes for outgoing mobility and six schemes for incoming mobility, including three schemes that are open for non-Turkish researchers: